SB 1275 Renewable energy and energy efficiency program requirements.
Patron: Mary Margaret Whipple
Summary
Requires that by the period June 1, 2020, through May 31, 2021, and in subsequent years, 12% of the electric energy sold by each supplier to retail customers in the Commonwealth be generated from renewable generation energy sources, and that each supplier achieve reductions in the consumption of electric energy by its retail customers, through the supplier's implementation of energy efficiency programs, in an amount equal to 5% of the amount of electric energy consumed by its retail customers in 2006. The requirements are phased in over a period commencing June 1, 2008. The 12% requirement for renewable generation energy sources is comprised of three categories of renewable energy sources, each of which has separate percentage requirements. Generators of renewable energy receive renewable energy credits for power generated through eligible renewable sources or conserved through energy efficiency programs. Suppliers who do not comply with the minimum percentage requirements are required to make alternative compliance payments into a new Virginia Sustainable Energy, Energy Efficiency, and Energy Conservation Fund. Distributors are authorized to recover incremental costs of compliance incurred during the capped rate period under the procedure for recovery of the costs of purchased power. Electric cooperatives and municipal electric utilities are exempted from the measure.
Full Text
Track the Bill
Generating Electricity from Wind Energy
The Present Study
Developing an Analytical Framework
Temporal and Spatial Scales of Analysis
Understanding and Assessing Cumulative Environmental Effects
Organization of the Report
2 CONTEXT FOR ANALYSIS OF EFFECTS OF WIND-POWERED ELECTRICITY . . .
Estimating the Environmental Benefits of Generating Electricity from Wind Energy
Wind Energy Globally
Quantifying Wind-Energy Benefits in the United States and the Mid-Atlantic Highlands
Conclusions
Chapter Overview
Introduction
Bird Deaths in Context
Turbines Cause Fatalities to Birds and Bats
Bird and Bat Fatalities
Wind-Energy Projects Alter Ecosystem Structure
Projected Cumulative Impacts of Bird and Bat Fatalities: A Working Hypothesis
Conclusions and Recommendations
4 IMPACTS OF WIND-ENERGY DEVELOPMENT ON HUMANS (365 KB)
Introduction
Aesthetic Impacts
Cultural Impacts
Impacts on Human Health and Well-Being
Local Economic and Fiscal Impacts
Electromagnetic Interference
Conclusions and Recommendations
5 PLANNING FOR AND REGULATING WIND-ENERGY DEVELOPMENT (271 KB)
Guidelines for Wind-Energy Planning and Regulation
Regulation of Wind-Energy Development
Framework for Reviewing Wind-Energy Proposals
REFERENCES (493 KB)
APPENDIX A: ABOUT THE AUTHORS (161 KB)
APPENDIX B: EMISSION RATES FOR ELECTRICAL GENERATION (129 KB)
APPENDIX C: METHODS AND METRICS FOR WILDLIFE STUDIES (1.0 MB)
APPENDIX D: A VISUAL IMPACT ASSESSEMENT PROCESS . . . (1.4 MB)
NOTES:
1. The resolution of some sections has been reduced to facilitate web access.
2. The official pre-publication report is posted at www.national-academies.org
3. Copies of the pre-publication report can be ordered through http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11935